Humanity consumes roughly 50 billion tonnes of sand and gravel every year—more than any resource except water. Yet most wind-blown desert sand is too fine and rounded to form the main aggregate in strong concrete, forcing even desert cities such as Dubai to rely on carefully processed, quarried, marine or imported material for construction.

The world's most abundant building material is running scarce in the places that need it most. The post Humanity consumes roughly 50 billion tonnes of sand and gravel every year—more than any resource except water. Yet most wind-blown desert sand is too fine …